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Difference between adduser and useradd in Ubuntu server

Difference between adduser and useradd in Ubuntu-server

Both the command are used to add user in the system. But there is a big difference.
Nowadays debian has changed or replaced the useradd command with adduser.


The difference between both command is as following with the image so that will make clear sense to you people.

To check the difference between both the command do the following.

1. useradd

Open the terminal and type

$ sudo useradd user2

The above command will add the user

 $ sudo passwd user2

The above command will give the password to the user2.

Now lets try loging in.

login: user2
password:123

As you can there is no home directory is defined.And not able to create its own directory with "useradd"  command.

 You can also check the directory and the command assigned to it

==========================================================================
2. adduser

Open the terminal and type :-

$ sudo adduser user3

The adduser command takes all the information and create your personal home directory for saving your data and gives uid and gid with that.

You can see the home directory assigned to user3 by this command.

$ cat /etc/passwd | grep user3

From this tutorial you can might have understand the difference between both the command and how you can add the other or extra user  in the system.

DHCP on Packet tracer through Server

We are going to apply DHCP on server and PCs will be assigned IP addresses through DHCP.

Open the server and go to the Desktop tab, click IP Configuration and enter the IP address.

Now, go to the Config tab.

And go to the DHCP

i. Enter IP for default Gateway.
ii. Start IP address
iii.. Maximum number of Users.
iv. Click Save.

Now, click on any PC that is attached to the server, go to IP configuration and select DHCP. You will see that DHCP will successfully assign IP address to the PC

Now, if we go back to server and assign DNS Server address and then go to any PC and select DHCP.
 
It will also assign DNS to the PC as well.   
   
We can also open the website of the server through any PC by going to the Web Browser option and entering the IP address of the server.

And we can ping the server by going to the PC�s command prompt and entering server�s IP address.

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DHCP Server

How to install a DHCP Server on Ubuntu 12.04

The setup is a Ubuntu PC with 4 Ethernet ports.

eth2, eth3, eth4, eth5

Each port is in a separate subnet.

Install the DHCP-Server

apt-get install isc-dhcp-server

Configuration of the DHCP Server

At first define the interfaced to be used in the file /etc/default/isc-dhcp3-server

INTERFACES="eth2 eth3 eth4 eth5"

In a second step the subnets need to be defined. For this, the interface and the address range needs to be defined for each net. The lease times can be defined global for all nets. To prevent any other DHCP Server to interract with your subnet, the Server is set in authoritative mode.  All this settings are to be done in the file /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf.

authoritative;

default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;


subnet 192.168.150.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
 range 192.168.150.10 192.168.150.250;
 interface eth2;
 option broadcast-address 192.168.150.255;
}


subnet 192.168.151.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
 range 192.168.151.10 192.168.151.250;
 interface eth3;
 option broadcast-address 192.168.151.200;
}

subnet 192.168.152.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
 range 192.168.152.10 192.168.152.250;
 interface eth4;
 option broadcast-address 192.168.152.255;
}

subnet 192.168.153.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
 range 192.168.153.10 192.168.153.250;
 interface eth5;
 option broadcast-address 192.168.153.255;
}

At last the interfaces need to be added to the subnets itself. Therefore just define the interfaces in the file /etc/network/interfaces by adding this lines.

auto eth2
iface eth2 inet static
address 192.168.150.1
netmask 255.255.255.0

auto eth3
iface eth3 inet static
address 192.168.151.1
netmask 255.255.255.0

auto eth4
iface eth4 inet static
address 192.168.152.1
netmask 255.255.255.0

auto eth5
iface eth5 inet static
address 192.168.153.1
netmask 255.255.255.0 

The following commands help to control the DHCP Server when trying out the changes

sudo service isc-dhcp-server restart
sudo service isc-dhcp-server start
sudo service isc-dhcp-server stop

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